EMPLOYEE ATTITUDE TOWARDS ATTRIBUTES OF TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE AS A DETERMINANT OF ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE IN NIGERIAN COMMERCIAL BANKS
By
AGBOOLA, GBENGA MAYOWA (CU021030011)
Presented To
Department of Business Administration and Management
ABSTRACT
This study aimed at measuring employee attitude towards technological change as a
determinant of organizational performance in Nigerian Commercial Banks. The study utilized descriptive survey design and was based on the Technology Acceptance Model 2. A simple random sampling method was used to select three hundred and sixty six participants from seventeen commercial banks in Lagos State, Nigeria. Five hypotheses were posed to guide the study and a structured questionnaire was employed to collect data. Demographic data were presented using frequency tables, and cross-tabulations while the five hypotheses were analyzed using inter-item correlations, Pearson moment correlation, partial correlation, standard multiple regression, hierarchical multiple regression and one-way ANOVA. Major findings showed that attributes of Technological Change (Technical Complexity â€" TC and Systemic Shift â€" SS) significantly contributed to Subjective Norms (SN) surrounding bank employees’ use of new IT and two measures of employees’ Attitude Determinants (Perceived Usefulness â€" PC and Perceived Ease of Use â€" PEU). In addition, Subjective Norms (SN) of employees and two measures of employees’ Attitude Determinants (Perceived Usefulness â€" PU and Perceived Ease of Use â€" PEU) significantly contributed to Employees’ Behaviour (EB) to use new IT. Finally, employee behaviour to use new IT significantly contributed to the prediction of four measures of Organizational Performance (Innovative Performance, Market Performance, Service Rendering Performance, and Financial Performance). The result of this study implies that the independent variables that have been found to have significant contributions should be
taken into consideration when commercial banks management team desire to improve
organizational performance of the banks. On the premise of these findings, it is therefore, recommended that management team in commercial banks in Nigeria should ensure that employees’ are involved in the procurement and adoption of new IT in banks and also provide enabling environment for employees to have positive attitude towards the attributes of technological change which will culminate into employees’ positive behaviour and excellent performance of commercial banks in Nigeria.
Keywords: Employee Attitude, Attributes of Technological Change, Organizational
Performance, Subjective Norms, Attitude determinants, Employee Behaviour,
TABLE OF CONTENTS -------------- Page
Title Page-------------- ii
Certification-------------- iii
Declaration-------------- iv
Dedication-------------- v
Acknowledgements------------ vi
Abstract-------------- viii
Table of Contents------------ ix
List of Tables-------------- xii
List of Figures-------------- xviii
List of Charts-------------- xix
List of Models-------------- xx
List of Appendices------------ xxi
CHAPTER ONE:
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Study------ 1
1.2 Statement of Research Problem------4
1.3 Research Questions--------7
1.4 Research Objectives--------8
1.5 Research Hypotheses--------8
1.6 Significance of the Study------ 9
1.7 Scope of Study--------10
1.8 Limitations of the Study------ 11
1.9 Outline of Chapters--------11
1.10 Operationalization of the Research Topic---- 12
1.11 Research Hypotheses Model------ 14
1.12 Operational Definition of Terms------15
CHAPTER TWO:
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Introduction-------- 18
2.2 Conceptual Framework------ 18
2.2.1 Overview of Information Technology (IT)----18
2.2.2 Definition of Technology------19
2.2.3 Technology Adoption and Diffusion---- 22
2.2.4 The Concept of Technological Change----23
2.2.5 Organizations and Information Technologies (IT)-- 25
2.2.6 Technology as a Tool and Skill---- 25
2.2.7 Researcher’s Conceptual Model---- 26
2.2.8 Attributes of Technological Change---- 27
2.2.9 Subjective Norms------ 28
2.2.10 Attitude Determinants------ 29
2.2.11 Employee Behaviour to use new IT---- 30
2.2.12 Employees and Technological Change----32
2.2.13 Organizational Performance------34
2.2.14 Technological Change and Organizational Performance--35
2.2.15 Overview of Information Technology (IT) in the Nigerian Banking Sector------38
2.3 Theoretical Framework------ 40
2.3.1 The Innovations Diffusion Theory (IDT)----40
2.3.2 The Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA)----42
2.3.3 The Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB)----44
2.3.4 The Technology Acceptance Model 1 (TAM 1)-- 46
2.3.5 Technology Acceptance Model 2 (TAM 2)----48
2.3.6 Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT)------49
2.3.7 Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT 2)------50
2.4 Empirical Framework------ 51
2.5 Conclusion and Gap in Literature------54
CHAPTER THREE:
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Introduction-------- 57
3.2 Research methods--------57
3.3 Research Design--------57
3.4 Population of the Study------ 58
3.5 Sampling Size Determination------ 59
3.6 Sampling Techniques------ 61
3.7 Sampling Frame--------61
3.8 Sources of Data--------61
3.9 Data Collection Procedure------ 62
3.10 Research Instrument and Design------62
3.11 Questionnaire Administration------ 64
3.12 Reliability of Research Instrument------65
3.13 Validity of Research Instrument------66
3.14 Method of Data Presentation and Analysis---- 67
CHAPTER FOUR:
DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS
4.1 Introduction-------- 68
4.2 Data Presentation--------68
4.2.1 Response Rate of Questionnaire Administered-- 68
4.2.2 Distribution of Biographical Data of the Respondents--71
4.2.3 Cross-tabulation of Biographical Data----83
4.3 Frequency Distribution of Independent Variables and Dependent Variables 89
4.3.1 The Independent Variable------90
4.3.2 The Dependent Variable-------------- 104
4.3.3 Linking the Findings of Inter-Item Correlations with the
Conceptual Model Proposed---------- 116
4.3.4 Content Analysis of Open Ended Questions-------- 121
4.4 Test of Hypotheses and Discussion of Results-------- 122
4.4.1 Test of Hypothesis One---------- 122
4.4.2 Test of Hypothesis Two---------- 133
4.4.3 Test of Hypothesis Three---------- 148
4.4.4 Test of Hypothesis Four---------- 156
4.
