ANALYSING PATTERNS OF APPOSITIONAL OCCURRENCES: A CONSIDERATION OF SELECTIONS FROM THE PUNCH AND DAILY TR
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Department of Arts
Newspapers
serve as a useful tool in promoting literate communities. The success
of a good article is therefore predicated on how the writer is able to
manipulate the different categories within the sentence structure to
captivate as well as inform their target audience. This study analyses
the patterns of appositional occurrences in the language of the
journalese specifically the newspaper articles. The data used for the
analysis were obtained from The Punch and Daily Trust selected randomly
over three months. The analysis employed the textual metafunctional
approach of the Systemic Functional Linguistic theory as the framework
for the study, using Meyer‟s (1992) model for analysing appositions.
Meyer‟s criteria for analysing apposition have three components:
syntactic, semantic and pragmatic characteristics. The findings show
that the non-restrictive type of apposition which is made up of the
semantic class of appellation, identification and characterization were
the most frequently occurring class in the style of newspaper writings.
This is because the subject matter of news reports and feature articles
focuses on humans and the events around them, as a result, readers need
to be provided with some form of detail and background in order to know
and follow the discourse. Also, the semantic relations holding between
appositions are not only those of coreference, synonymy and part/whole
reference but also include speaker coreference and speaker synonymy.
Equally, specific members of apposition which comprise paraphrase,
reorientation and self-correction were the least occurring class in the
data. This low percentage can be argued as indicative of another feature
of journalistic style of avoiding repetition and superfluous
information which is a universal principle of language – economy. In the
light of the above findings, the study concludes that the use of
appositions in the analysed newspapers is mainly for the purpose of
providing the reader with much detail. In this way the writer transmits
information which helps him not only to give detailed yet concise
descriptions, but also in some way help the reader to follow the
discourse. This study also has a pedagogical relevance as it will
facilitate the teaching and learning of how appositives work in English
language grammar. It could also encourage a contrastive study of
appositions in English and any other Nigerian languages by linguists
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