THE IMPACT OF EMPLOYEES PARTICIPATION IN DECISION MAKING AND ORGANISATIONAL PRODUCTIVITY

(A CASE STUDY OF ANAMMCO COMPANY ENUGU)

By

BEM SEMBER (MRS)

Presented To

Department of Business Administration and Management

ABSTRACT

Decision is the point at which plans, policies and objectives are translated into concrete action. It is noted that Managers, do consider decision making to be the heart of their job in that they must always choose what is to be done, they influences the ordinary employees in decision making.

The objective of the research is to know the impact of employees participation in decision making on organizational productivity in Nigerian public sector organizations.

Structural questionnaires were administered to 210 respondents which include the management (senior) and intermediate staff of the company, through the employees participating in the decision making will result to high productivity in the organization.

Data collected are analysed in a tabular form using a simple percentage of formular to get the findings. The results were discussed in terms of the need for the employee to participate in the decision making in an organization to boost productivity.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Cover page

Title page

Approval page

Dedication

Acknowledgement

Abstract

Table of contents

List of Tables

CHAPTER ONE:

10 Introduction

11 Background of study

12 Statement of problems

13 Purpose of the study

14 Scope of the study

15 Research Hypothesis

16 Significance of the study

17 Limitation of the study

18 Definition of Terms

CHAPTER TWO

20 Review of Related Literature

21 The Concept of participation

22 Factors that influence participation

23 Prerequisites for participation

24 Forms of Employees participation

25 Different needs for participation

26 View Expressed

27 Constraints to participate

28 Argument for participation

29 Argument against participation

References

CHAPTER THREE

30 Research Design and Methodology

31 Research Design

32 Area of the study

33 Population of the study

34 Sample and Sampling procedure

35 Instrument for data collection

36 Validation of the instrument

37 Reliability of the instrument

38 Method of data collection

39 Method of data analysis

References

CHAPTER FOUR

40 Data Presentation and Analysis

41 Presentation and Analysis of Data

42 Testing of Hypothesis

43 Summary of Results

References

CHAPTER FIVE

50 Discussion, Recommendation and Conclusion

51 Discussion of Result/Findings

52 Conclusion

53 Implications of Result/Findings

54 Recommendations

55 Suggestions for further research

Bibliography

Appendix

Appendix

CHAPTER ONE

11 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY:

It should be known first that a decision is a choice whereby a person forms a conclusion about a situation Costello, I Wand Zalkind, SS (1963 p 334), confined the term decision making, to a choice process, choosing one from among several possibilities However, election theory in Costello, TW et al (1963, p 387) largely considers decision as asking the process of making a single choice among course of action at a particular point in time This depicts a course of behaviour about what must be done or vice versa

Decision, however, is the point at which plans, policies and objectives are translated into concrete actions Planning engenders decision guided by company policy and objectives, policies, procedures and programmes The aim of decision making is to channel human behaviour towards a future goal

Decision making is one of the most germane activities of management It has been the preoccupation of all the management of multifarious organization ranging from small-scale organization to multinational corporations

Managers many at times consider decision making to be the heart of their job in that they must always choose what is to be done, who will do it, when, where and most of the time how it will be done

Traditionally, managers influence the ordinary employees and specifically, their immediate subordinate in the organization This has resulted in managers making natural decision even in area affecting their subordinates In Germany, around 1951, a law enacted which provides for code termination and requires labour membership in the supervisory board and executive committee of certain large corporations However, the participation of labour in decision making process results to relatively and peacefully labour management relations

Additionally, the Japanese management WSES decision making by concensus in which lower - level employee initiate the reaches the desk of the top executive If the proposal is approved, it is returned to the initiator for implementation

It is in this context, that the researcher wishes to assess the impact of employees participation in decision making on organisational productivity in Nigerian Public Sector organization, using Anammco Company as a case study

12 STATEMENTOF THE PROBLEM:

There has been a lot of controversy as to whether an employee should participate in managerial decision making or not Some writers argued that employees where it affects them or their jobs, it is expected that such participation will serve as training and testing ground for future members of upper management

In Nigeria, experts that refuted the above assertion see the arrangement as a symptom of malorganisation They maintained that, qualified, reasonably, honest and company oriented individuals are not available at these lower organizational level But the big question is, are qualified individuals really available? All these underlay the need for investigation study

13 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY:

The general purpose of this empirical study is to assess the impact of employees participation in managerial decision making in public sector organization in Nigeria with reference to Anammco Company Limited

1 To assess the impact of employees participation in management decision making

2 To ascertain the impact of employees participation or non-participation in management decision on productivity of the organization

3 To make recommendation based on the research findings

14 SCOPE OF THE STUDY:

This research work focuses particularly on the impact of employees participation in decision making and organizational productivity using Anammco Company, Enugu as a case study

15 RESEARCH QUESTIONS:

In a view to accomplishing this research work effectively, the research poses the following:

1 Do management staff make decision without per and post discussion and consultation with employees?

2 Do management change decision when rejected by employees?

3 To what extent do employees participate in decision making?

4 How often do employees meet to discuss without managers?

16 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS:

The researcher formulates the following hypothesis base on the objectives and problems of this research work

H_o: Management staff makes decision without per and post discussion and consultation with employees

17 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY:

This research work will be relevant to the managers and employees of Anammco Company

It will also be beneficial to other public sector organization in Nigeria - it will also be of prodigious importance to government, academically, potentially and future researches on the issue of employee participation in managerial decision making This empirical study is also germane to the researcher since it is a partial requirement for the award of Higher National Diploma in Business Administration and Management

18 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY:

A work of this nature is not easy to consummate or accomplish And, as a result, financial problem, time constriaints, apathy on the part of the respondents and bureaucratic procedures involved in releasing data seriously affected the study

19 DEFINITION OF TERMS:

1 Decision Making: The selection from among alternative of

a course of action

2 Management: Management is made up of top and middle level

management Top management include shareholder, Board of Directors, Managing Director, or Chief Executive/General Manager (ie management above departmental level), middle management includes Heads of Department, Managers, Deputy and Assistant Managers

3 Productivity: A measure of how well resources are brought

together in organization and utilized for accomplish a set of results

4 Germane: Relevant, important, pertinent

5 Heart of their job: As it is used in the research work means

their main job

REFERENCES

Applox, R C (1981) Modern Business Administration 3^rd Ed, New

York, Pitman Publishing Ltd

Costello, T W and Zalkind, S S (196) Psychologist in

Administration: A Research Orientation Text Eaglewood

Cliff, N J (1980); Business Oriented Text, London, Macmillan Press

Ltd