DETERMINATION OF OPTIMUM TRYPTOPHAN AND CRUDE PROTEIN REQUIREMENTS OF BROILER CHICKENS REARED IN THE TROPICAL ENVIRONMENT
By
Author
Presented To
Department of Agricultural Science
ABSTRACT
PLEASE NOTE:
Three experiments were conducted to determine tryptophan requirements of broiler chickens under tropical environment. Experiments 1 and 2 were conducted to determine the requirements for the cool and hot seasons respectively. The third experiment was conducted to determine the effect of diet formulations on the basis of four critical amino acid requirements (lysine, methionine, tryptophan and threonine) on the crude protein requirements of broiler starter and finisher chickens. The first and second experiments had 19 birds and 18 birds per replicate for the starter and finisher phases respectively. The minimum daily temperature was from 14oC - 20oC during the cool season while the maximum daily temperature is from 190C- 400C during the hot season. Diet 1 had insitu tryptophan content of 0.15%. Diets 2 to 5 contained graded levels of supplemental tryptophan at 0.04% intervals giving total dietary tryptophan levels of 0.15, 0.19, 0.23, 0.27 and 0.31- percent levels for the starter phase studies conducted during the cool and hot seasons. For the finisher phases, there were five experimental diets. Diet 1 had insitu tryptophan content of 0.13% while diets 2 to 5 contained graded levels of supplemental tryptophan at 0.04% intervals resulting in total dietary tryptophan levels of 0.13, 0.17, 0.21, 0.25 and 0.29- percent respectively in both cool and hot season experiments. A total of two hundred and eighty five day old broiler chicks were used for each of the starter phase experiments while two hundred and seventy chicks were used for the finisher experiments. Experiments 1 and 2 had five dietary treatments. Each experiment lasted from 0 to 4 weeks for the starter phases and 5 - 8 weeks for the finisher phases. For the third experiment, four iso-caloric starter diets were formulated with the dietary crude protein levels increasing by 1% intervals from the 20% CP to 23% CP while the finisher diets had the crude protein increasing by 1% intervals from 18% CP to 21%.CP. The three experiments were of completely randomized designs, each treatment had three replications. The third experiment had 16 birds and 15 birds per replicate for the starter and finisher phases respectively. The results for the cool season starter study showed that chicks fed starter diet containing 0.23% dietary tryptophan gave significantly (P<0.05) higher final body weight and average daily gain than those fed other dietary tryptophan levels. For the finisher phase, the birds fed 0.21% tryptophan diet performed significantly (P<0.05) better in terms of final weight, average daily gain and feed conversion ratio than all other treatments. Chickens fed diets containing supplemental tryptophan had better carcass values such as %breast, % thigh and % drumstick compared to chickens fed diets with no supplemental tryptophan in the diet. For experiment 2, conducted during hot season, starter chicks fed 0.23% total tryptophan diet gave better results in terms of final body weight, average daily gain and feed cost (N) /kg gain compared to chicks fed other tryptophan diets. The results for the finisher phase showed that birds fed 0.21% tryptophan diet performed significantly (P<0.05) better in terms of final weight, average daily gain and feed cost (N)/kg gain compared to other dietary tryptophan levels. Birds fed 0.21% total tryptophan diet also had significantly (P <0.05) better carcass weight, dressing percentage and % breast. It was also observed that broiler chickens fed diet high in essential amino acids (lysine, methionine, tryptophan and threonine) had slightly low abdominal fat and tissue fat. Results for the starter phase for the third experiment indicated 21% CP diet gave similar results as obtained with the higher crude protein diets in terms of the final weight, and average daily gain of chicks across treatments. The FCR also indicated similar results for the 21 and 23 % CP diets. For the finisher phase chicks fed 19 %CP or 20%CP diets had similar results for final weight, weight gain and average daily gain as those fed the 21% CP diet. Also the digestibility for ash and NFE were significantly better for the 21% CP diet. The 21% CP diet was however regarded to be the optimum crude protein requirement due to slightly better results for FCR and feed cost per kg gain. It was concluded that dietary tryptophan requirements during the cool and hot seasons for the starter phase was 0.23% and for the finisher phase was 0.21%. The crude protein of broiler starter diets can also be reduced from the current practice of 24 or 23 percent to 21% while the optimum for the finisher phase stood at 21% CP.
PLEASE NOTE:
That this Material is a Complete Project, Well Written and Contains 1 to 5 Chapters.
Click the download Button Below to Download the complete work. OR Call/WhatsApp Admin on: 09019904113 for Inquiry. Thank You
- FOR ENQUIRY
- support@e-projecttopics.com
- 09019904113
Learn and Obtain Diploma in Web development, Software development, Business, Technology and Creative Skills taught by industry experts. Explore a wide range of skills with our professional tutorials.
About E-Project Material Centre
E-Project Material Centre is a web service aimed at successfully assisting final year students with quality, well researched, reliable and ready made project work. Our materials are recent, complete (chapter 1 to Minimum of Chapter 5, with references) and well written.INSTANT ACCESS! INSTANT DOWNLOAD. Simply select your department, choose from our list of topics available and explore your data
Why Students Love to Use E-Project Material ?
Guaranteed Delivery Getting your project delivered on time is essential. You cannot afford to turn in your project past the deadline. That is why you must get your project online from a company that guarantees to meet your deadline. e-Project Topics Material Centre is happy to offer instant delivery of projects listed on our website. We can handle just about any deadline you send our way. Satisfaction Guaranteed We always do whatever is necessary to ensure every customer's satisfaction
Disclaimer
E-Project Topics Material Centre will only provide projects as a reference for your research. The projects ordered and produced should be used as a guide or framework for your own project. The contents of the projects should be able to help you in generating new ideas and thoughts for your own project. It is the aim of e-Project Topics Centre to only provide guidance by which the projects should be pursued. We are neither encouraging any form of plagiarism nor are we advocating the use of the projects produced herein for cheating.
Terms and Condition
Using our service is LEGAL and IS NOT prohibited by any university/college policies You are allowed to use the original model papers you will receive in the following ways:
- As a source for additional understanding of the subject
- As a source for ideas for you own research (if properly referenced)
- For PROPER paraphrasing ( see your university definition of plagiarism and acceptable paraphrase) Direct citing ( if referenced properly)