CONSTRUCTION OF PACKED DISTILLATION COLUMN
By
ONUGHA VICTOR ONYEKACHI
Presented To
Department of
Chemical Engineering
ABSTRACT
This is an abstract on the construction of a packed distillation column. A packed distillation column is used in the separating process distillation that is the separation of two miscible liquids.
It was constructed by marking out the dimension of the column, condenser, pot, using steel rule scriber, oxyacetylene flame was used for cutting after which the work piece were center punched and drilled using the drilling machine. At last they were folded, shaped, welded tested, finished and painted.
This construction was done with the following specifications, 650, 220, 188 for height, external and internal diameter of column respectively.
For condenser, 650, 120, 114 for height, external and internal diameter respectively. For boiler pot, 450, 240, 236 for height, external and internal diameter respectively all in mm dimension.
It was generally required that stainless steel be used totally for the construction as the standardized Material but due to tits cost, galvanized metal was used. Using the constructed packed distillation column, a fermented palm wine can be distilled to collect gin as the distillate. In comparing the standardized distillation column with the Oni constructed it was rated 80% due to cost of materials (galvanized of construction used. But the standard material of construction that was supposed to be used is stainless steel.
At the end of the construction the cost was (N9, 000). Nine thousand Naira from the direct labour condenser etc. the cost is as a result of economy situation in Nigeria.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Title page
Letter of Transmittal
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Abstract
Table of content
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction 1.1 Historical development
1.2 Definition
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature review 2.1 Theory of distillation
2.2 Types of distillation
2.2.1 Binary distillation
2.2.2 Multi-component distillation
2.2.3 Differential distillation
2.2.4 Rectification distillation
2.2.5 Flash distillation
2.3.0 Distillation column
2.3.1 Types of distillation column
2.4.0 Packing
2.4.1 Random packing
2.4.2 Regular packing
2.4.3 Tower shell
2.4.4 Packing support
2.4.5 Packing restrainer
2.4.6 Entrainment eliminators
2.5.0 Countercurrent flow of liquid and gas through packing
2.5.1 Flooding and loading
2.5.2 Pressure drop for two phase flow
2.5.3 Mass transfer coefficient for packed tower
2.5.4 Liquid hold up
2.6.0 Material of construction
2.7.0 Properties of material construction
2.7.1 Physical property of material construction
2.7.2 Chemical property of material construction
2.7.3 Mechanical property of material construction
2.8 Factors to be considered when selecting a material of construction
2.8.1 Definition of terms in the factors
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 Methodology/Fabrication Procedure3.1 The column
3.2 The condenser
3.3 The packing
3.4 The boiler pot
3.5 Steam travel pipe
3.6 The stand
CHAPTER FOUR 4.0 Discussion
CHAPTER FIVE 5.0 Conclusion
5.1 Recommendation
References
Appendix I
Appendix II
