PROCESS AND QUALITY FACTORS IN LAUNDARY AND TOILET SOAP PRODUCTION
By
Author
Presented To
Department of Chemical Engineering
ABSTRACT
This projects is aimed at knowing the process and quality factor in Laundary and Toilet Soap Projection. Various factors affected the quality of the soap produced. These include the method used in production, types and nature of oils used, the percentage of the additives in the soap and the ratio at which oils are mixed to react with alkali.
The work was carried out using one type of oil, namely, palm kernel oil for production of laundary soap and a blend oil in the ration of 95:5 (PKO to soya bean oil) for production of Toilet Soap respectively. The oil was firstly subjected to various analytical tests.
Using both blended and unblended oil for production of Toilet and laundary soap in the ration of 2:1 of oil to alkali, soaps were produced which varied in quality as a result of either the ratio of mixing, the nature of oil or by both. Additives like sodium silicate, green pigment, pink pigment, citrolene perfume were added to improve the soaps quality and appearance.
The omo soap samples produced; laundry and toilet soap have some distinguishable properties and these properties were found to be dependent on the different properties of the oils employed.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Content page
Title page
Letter of transmittal
Approval page
Dedication
Abstract
Table of content
CHAPTER ONE
Introduction
Scope and objective of projects
Chapter two
Literature survey
History of soap making
Raw materials used for soap making
Soap manufacturing processes
Processes and steps involved in production of soap
Quality factors in soap production
Chapter three
Experimental procedures
Equipment and materials used
General procedure
Experimental procedure for laundry soap
Experimental procedure for toilt soap
Experimental analysis
Determinations of saponification value
Determination of free falty acid
Determination of free caustic alkali
Determination of moisture content
Determination of PA of soap
Chapter four
Experimental results
Discussion
CHAPTER FIVE
Conclusion
Recommendation
References
Appendices
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