LIST OF FIGURES
1 Anatomy of the Penis
2 The Penis Vacuum Device
3 The Penis Prosthesis
4 The Anterior view of the Human Liver
5 The Interior view of the Human Liver
6 The Superior View of the Human Liver
7 Liver Lobules
8 Chart Showing Blood and Bile Flow Through the Liver
LIST OF TABLES
1 Extract Yield of Ethanol Extract and Aqueous Extract
2 Phytochemical Properties of Extract
3 Effect of Extracts in Serum Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transferase (SGOT)
Activity of Whistar Rats
4 Effect of Extract on Serum Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase (SGPT)
Activity of Whistar Rats
5 Effect of Extracts On Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) Activity of Whistar
Rats
6 Effect of Extracts on Plasma Glutathione S-Transferase Activity (iu/L) of
Whistar Rats
TABLE OF CONTENT
Title Page i
Certification ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgement iv
Abstract v
List of Tables vi
List Figures vii
Table of Content viii
CHAPTER ONE
10 Introduction 1
11 Physiology of Erection 1
12 Hormonal Involvement In Erection 2
13 Mechanism of Action of PDE 5 Inhibition In erectile Dysfunction 3
14 Nitric Oxide Regulation of Penile Erection 6
15 Atieology of Erectile Dysfunction 8
16 Prevalence of Erectile Dysfunction in Males 9
17 Prevalence of Erectile Dysfunction in Females 10
18 Aim of Study 11
CHAPTER TWO
20 Literature Review 12
21 Literature Review on Male Erectile Dysfunction (ED) 12
211 Anatomy of the Penis 12
212 How Erection Occur in Males 13
213 How Erection is Sustained 13
214 Causes of Erectile Dysfunction in Males 14
215 Physical Causes of ED in Males 14
216 Psychological Causes of ED in Males 19
217 Diagnosis of Erectile Dysfunction 20
218 Patient History 20
219 Physical Examination 22
2110 Laboratory test 22
2111 Psychological Examination 23
21
12 Treatment of Males Impotence 23
22 Literature Review on Female Erectile Dysfunction 34
221 Anatomy of the Female External Genitalia 34
222 How Women Attain Clitoral Erection 36
223 Causes of ED in Females 36
224 Physical Causes of ED in Females 36
225 Psychological Causes of ED in Females 39
226 Diagnosis of Females Erectile Dysfunction 40
227 Treatment of Female Erectile Dysfunction 40
23 Literature Review on Burantashi (Pausinystaliajohimbe) 41
231 Specie Identity 41
232 Taxonomy 41
233 History 42
234 Mechanism of Action 42
235 Botanic Description 43
236 Ecology and Distribution 44
237 Propagation and Management 44
238 Tree Management 45
239 Germplasm Management 45
2310 Functional Uses 45
2311 Medicinal Uses 46
2312 Pests and Diseases 47
24 The Liver 47
241 Anatomy of the Liver 47
242 Histology 48
243 Structure of the Liver 50
244 Function of The Liver 54
245 Liver Infections/ Diseases 56
246 Liver Enzymes/ Functions 61
247 Alanine Transaminase (AIT) 62
248 Aspartate Transaminase (AST) 62
249 Alkatine Phosphatase (AIP) 63
2410 Total Bilirubin (TBIL) 63
2411 Birect Bilirubin (Conjugated Bilirubin) 63
2412 Gamma GlutamylTranspeptidase (GGT) 64
24135’ Nucleotidase (5’ NTD) 64
2414 Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) 64
25 Phytochemicals 65
251 Functions of Phytochemicals 65
CHAPTER THREE
30 Materials 71
31 Method 75
CHAPTER FOUR
40 Result 83
CHAPTER FIVE
50 Discussion and Conclusion 89
51 Discussion 89
52 Conclusion 89
References 90
