EVALUATION OF DIETARY PATTERN, ANTHROPOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS AND MICRONUTRIENT STATUS OF ADOLESCENTS ATTENDING SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN JOS SOUTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, PLATEAU STATE
By
Author
Presented To
Department of Biochemistry
ABSTRACT
Changes in the nutrient intake combined with increasing sedentary life style and urbanization
contribute to the emergence of chronic disease as a major health risk. This study assessed nutritional
status, physical activity, dietary pattern and micronutrient status of adolescents attending Secondary
School in Jos South Local Government Area (LGA) of Plateau State. A cross-sectional study was
conducted using 588 adolescents attending Private and Public Secondary Schools of Jos South LGA
between September and December 2014. Data on demographic characteristics were collected using
semi-structured, pretested questionnaires. Measurements of weight and height were made using
standardized weighing scales and standiometer respectively. Adolescent Body Mass Index-for-Age
was compared with WHO (2007) growth reference. Dietary pattern and micronutrient status were
accessed using standard methods. Results obtained showed mean Age, BMI and Waist/ Hip ratio
were 16.09 years, 21.05±2.65 and 0.81±0.06 respectively. General prevalence of Overweight was
high (11.22 %), particularly among the Private Secondary School girls (19.01%). Majority of the
adolescents (57.99 %) had a fairly low Physical Activity Level and Private Secondary School boys
showed the highest frequency (64.23%). Dietary pattern of the adolescents showed weekly intake of
all types of food from “4 to 6 times” to “7 or more times” below 50 percent, except for bread,
cereals, tubers and other carbohydrate based foods. Mean PCV, serum iron, zinc and copper for the
Private Secondary School Adolescents were 38.71 percent, 96.15µg /dl, 86.31µg /dl and 84.44 µg /dl
respectively. A percentage of 9.68 %, 16.13 % and 19.35 % adolescents recorded low values for
serum iron, zinc and copper respectively when compared to reference ranges for iron, zinc and
copper. The results obtained showed a prevalence of overweight and a fairly low physical activity
particularly among the Girls. Consumption of cereals, tubers, pasta and other carbohydrate based
foods was high while mean serum values for Iron, Zinc and Copper for the Private Secondary School
adolescents were within the normal ranges. Results of this study emphasize the need for educational
interventions which should include increased exercise and Physical Activity at early ages involving
the whole family that will promote optimal nutritional status and wellbeing.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title page …………………………………………………………………………….……..i
Certification Page ………..……………………………………………………………… - …ii
Declaration …………..………………………………………………………….…………….iii
Acknowledgement ……………………………………………………………………… - ….iv
Abstract ……..…………………………………………………………………………… - v
Table of Contents ……..……………………………………………………………………..vi
List of Table …………..……………………………………………………………… - … - .xi
List of Figure ………………..…………………………………………………………… - ….xiii
List of Appendices ………….……………………………………………………………….xiv
List of Abbreviation ……………………………………………………………………………xv
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION …………… - ……………………………………………… - ……1
1.1 Malnutrition …………………………………………………………………..…………1
1.2 Statement of Problem ………… - ………………………………………….…………..…2
1.3 Justification ………….………………………………………………………………….3
1.4 Aim …….…………………………………………………………………… - - - ..3
1.5 Specific Objectives ………………………………………….………………………….4
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW - ………………………………………………………… - 5
2.1 Nutrition ……………………………………………………………………………….…….5
2.2 Adolescent Nutrition …… - …………………………………………………………… - 7
2.3 Adolescent Nutritional Challenges Developing Countries - - - ……………….…..9
2.4 Demographic Factors Associated with Nutritional Status - - - ……….…….…11
2.4.1 Age ………………………………………………………… - - - - - - …11
2.4.2 Gender ……..………….……………………………………………………………….…12
2.4.3 Physical activity - ………………………………………………… - - - - - - .12
2.4.4 Socio-economic status ……………..…………………………… - - - - - - ..14
2.5 Dietary Factors Associated with Nutritional Status ….……………………………………15
2.5.1 Effect of calcium and dairy foods ……….………………………………………… - 15
2.5.2 Effect of dietary fiber and whole grain …… - ………………………………………….…16
2.5.3 Effect of fruits and vegetables …………………………….…………………………… - 17
2.5.4 Effect of dietary pattern ……………………………………………………………………18
2.6 Role of Iron, Zinc and Copper in the Human Metabolic Process … - ……………….18
2.6.1 Iron …………… - …………….…..………………………………………………..…19
2.6.1.1 Iron transport, metabolism and storage ……………………………………………20
2.6.1.2 Excretion .………………………………………………………………………..
- FOR ENQUIRY
- [email protected]
- 09019904113
About e-Project Material Centre
e-Project Material Centre is a web service aimed at successfully assisting final year students with quality, well-researched, reliable, and ready-made project work. Our materials are recent, complete (chapter 1 to Minimum of Chapter 5, with references), and well-written. INSTANT ACCESS! INSTANT DOWNLOAD. Simply select your department, choose from our list of topics available, and explore your data.
Why Students Love to Use e-Project Material?
Guaranteed Delivery: Getting your project delivered on time is essential. You cannot afford to turn in your project past the deadline. That is why you must get your project online from a company that guarantees to meet your deadline. e-Project Topics Material Centre is happy to offer instant delivery of projects listed on our website. We can handle just about any deadline you send our way. Satisfaction Guaranteed: We always do whatever is necessary to ensure every customer's satisfaction.
Disclaimer
e-Project Topics Material Centre will only provide projects as a reference for your research. The projects ordered and produced should be used as a guide or framework for your own project. The contents of the projects should help you generate new ideas and thoughts for your own project. It is the aim of e-Project Topics Centre to only provide guidance by which the projects should be pursued. We are neither encouraging any form of plagiarism nor are we advocating the use of the projects produced herein for cheating.
Terms and Conditions
Using our service is LEGAL and IS NOT prohibited by any university/college policies. You are allowed to use the original model papers you will receive in the following ways:
- As a source for additional understanding of the subject
- As a source for ideas for your own research (if properly referenced)
- For PROPER paraphrasing (see your university definition of plagiarism and acceptable paraphrase) Direct citing (if referenced properly)
Refund and Privacy Policy
- Refunds: All sales are final. However, if you encounter any issues with accessing your purchased material, kindly contact our support team for immediate resolution.
- Privacy Policy: Your personal information is protected and will not be shared with third parties. We ensure secure payment processing and data confidentiality.
