TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title page - - - - - - - - i

Certification - - - - - - - ii

Dedication - - - - - - - - iii

Acknowledgement - - - - - - iv

Abstract - - - - - - - - v

Table of contents - - - - - - vi

List of table - - - - - - - x

List of figure - - - - - - - xi

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Objectives of Report - - - - - 2

1.2 Justification - - - - - 2

1.3 System description - - - - - 3

1.4 Technical Details - - - - - 4

1.5 Scope of Report - - - - - - 4

1.6 Basic Block diagram of project report - - 5

1.7 Thesis report organization - - - - 6

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Functional requirement - - - - 9

2.2 System Overview - - - - - 9

CHAPTER THREE

COMPONENT DESCRIPTION AND DESIGN

3.1 Step – down transformer - - - - 12

3.2 The Rectifier - - - - - - 13

3.3 Capacitor - - - - - - - 14

3.4 The regulator - - - - - - 16

3.5 Transistor - - - - - - - 17

3.6 Transistor biasing - - - - - 18

3.7 Resistor - - - - - - 19

3.8 DIODE - - - - - - - 20

3.10 Comparator - - - - - - 22

3.11 Light emtting diode - - - - - 23

3.12 Relay - - - - - - - 24

3.13 Response time of a relay - - - - 26

3.14 Variable resistor - - - - - - 26

3.15 Crystal oscillator - - - - - - 28

3.16 The Microcontroller - - - - - 29

3.17 Component of the 8951 Microcontroller - - 30

3.18 The regulator power supply - - - - 34

3.19 Step down transformer - - - - - 34

3.20 Calculation on transformer - - - - 36

3.21 Rectifier circuit - - - - - - 36

3.22 Filter capacitor - - - - - - 39

3.23 Calculating filtering - - - - - 40

3.24 Push Button - - - - - - 42

3.25 Six LED indicator - - - - - 43

3.26 Intruder Sensor Unit - - - - - 44

3.27 The intelligent controller - - - - 46

CHAPTER FOUR

IMPLEMENTATION

4.1 The microcontroller - - - - - 51

4.2 Microcontroller Base Implementation - - - 52

CHAPTER FIVE

SYSTEM TESTING AND PACKAGING

5.1 Testing - - - - - - - 53

5.2 Packaging - - - - - - - 54

5.3 Packaging design - - - - - 54

CHAPTER SIX

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

6.1 Conclusion -- - - - - - 55

6.2 Recommendation - - - - - 55

Reference - - - - - - - 59

Appendix A – Microcontroller Program

Appendix B - Component Analysis Table

Appendix C - Circuit Component Layout

Appendix D- Circuit Wiring Schedule

Appendix E - Complete System Circuit Schematics

Appendix F- Systems Source Code

Appendix G - System User’s Guide

Appendix H - Project Photograph

Appendix I - Microprocessors/ Micro controller Instruction set

LIST OF TABLE

Table 1: Voltage regulator specification - -

Table 2: Troubleshooting table of a talking system

design - - - - - - 53

Table 3: Components cost analysis table - - 58

LIST OF FIGURE

Fig. 1.1 Block diagram of the project report - 5

Fig 2.1 Block diagram of a talking system - - 11

Fig. 3 .1 Step down transformer - - - 13

Fig. 3.2 Diagram of Bridge Rectifier - - - 14

Fig. 3.3 Diagram of a capacitor - - - 15

Fig. 3.4 7805 regulator - - - - - 17

Fig. 3.5 NPN transistor - - - - - 18

Fig. 3.6 Resistor - - - - - - 20

Fig. 3.7 Diode - - - - - - 20

Fig. 3.8 LM320 - - - - - - - 20

Fig. 3.9 Comparator - - - - - 22

Fig. 3.10 Light simtting diode LED - - - 23

Fig. 3.11 Symbol for variable resistor - - - 27

Fig. 3.12 Crystal oscillator - - - - - 28

Fig. 3.13 Pin arrangement of 8951 - - - 29

Fig 3.13 Circuit arrangement for a filtering capacity 39

Fig 3.14 Signal input/output a capacitor filter - 40

Fig 3.14 Diagram of a regulator - - - - 41

Fig. 3.15 Push button (switch) - - - - 42

Fig. 3.16 Intruder sensor - - - - - 44

Fig. 3.17 Alarm speaker - - - - - 45

Fig. 3.18 Crystal oscillator circuit - - - 46

Fig. 3.19 Block diagram of a talking system - - 49