ABSTRACT
This study examines the existing solid waste management structure in Samaru, Nigeria
with a view to recommending strategies that would usher in efficient solid waste
management techniques and culture. The research gathered data from two main sources:
Primary and secondary sources.Data were collected through the use of questionnaires
administered to the waste generators and interviews of employees of relevant waste
management agencies such as: Kaduna State Environmental Protection Agency (KEPA),
Private Environmental Care Takers (PECT) while four hundred copies of structured
questionnaires were distributed randomly among selected households. Also obtained
from field work were data of samples (solid waste) from selected dump sites. The result
indicated that the state agencies in charge of solid waste management are not functioning
properly. This could be closely linked with the lack of equipment, trained and skilled
manpower, coupled with poor funding of these agencies and also the attitude of the waste
generators towards solid waste management. At the moment, 73% of the residents in
Samaru use self collection and disposal methods. The result also indicates that 50% of
the residents are willing to pay for improved solid waste management system. Waste
segregation takes place mostly at the final dumpsite. Solid wastes are not dumped at the
designated sites. 60% of the residents are aware of the public health risk of improper
waste disposal. Most of the wastes generated are Food and fruit remnants, Paper and
cardboard, Textile materials, Plastic materials, Metal scrap Bottle and Glass, Polythene;
Nylon and Tin cans. The study also suggests ways by which solid waste management can
be improved upon in Samaru and beyond and also proposed a conceptual frame work for
waste management.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page i
Declaration ii
Certification ii
Dedication iv
Acknowledgements v
Table of Contents vi
List of Tables ix
List of Figures x
List of Plates xi
Abstract xii
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Study 1
1.2 Statement of the Research Problem 7
1.3 Aim and Objectives of the Study 10
1.4 The Scope of the Study 10
1.5 Justification of the Study 11
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Introduction 12
2.2 Solid Wastes Definitions and Classifications 13
2.3 Waste Management 18
2.4 Early Practices of Solid Waste Management 21
2.5 Integrated Solid Waste Management Concept 26
vii
2.6 The Waste Hierarchy 26
2.7 Solid Waste Reuse and Recycling in Nigeria 29
2.8 Sustainable Waste Management 31
2.9 Problems of Solid Waste Management 32
CHAPTER THREE: THE STUDY AREA AND METHODOLOGY
3.1 Study Area 36
3.1.2. Climate 37
3.1.3 Soil and Vegetation 38
3.1.4 Drainage and Geology 38
3.1.5 Population 39
3.1.6 Human Activities 39
3.2 Methodology 40
3.2.1 Types and Sources of Data 40
3.2.2 Techniques of Data Collection/Sampling 40
3.2.3 Techniques of Data Analysis 41
CHAPTER FOUR: RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
4.1 Introduction 42
4.2 Current State of Municipal Solid Waste 42
4.3 Functionality of the Existing Institutional Structures 49
viii
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND
RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Introduction 54
5.2 Conclusion 55
5.3 Recommendations 56
References 57
Questionnaire 63
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