This study assessed the Nigeria Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (NEITI) in curbing corruption in Nigerian Extractive Industry. The high incidence of corruption, lack of accountability and transparency in the extractive industry in spite of the establishment of the NEITI possess a great challenge to good governance and the socio-economic well being of the people and has therefore, become an issue of public concern. The major objective of this study is to assess the performance of NEITI in curbing corruption and ensuring transparency and accountability in the extractive industry for the period 2007 - 2013. The Evaluation Theory by Edward Suchman was employed to underpin the study. 

Both primary and secondary data were used. The data collected through the questionnaire were analysed using the frequency tables and simple percentage and also complemented by the interview. Data from the NEITI's Audit Report and other official publication of governmental and non-governmental anti-corruption watchdogs constituted the secondary data. The qualitative data from the interviews and other secondary data were descriptively analyzed. The hypotheses were tested using the correlation analysis and chi-square distribution, which serves as an important ingredient for measuring the performance of the NEITI. The study revealed that the NEITI Act, 2007 did not empower the NEITI to investigate and prosecute the offenders which has adversely affected the performance of the NEITI. The low level of participation of the civil society in EITI process has also affected the performance of the NEITI. 

The study concludes that the NEITI has been found to be ineffective in curbing corruption and ensuring transparency and accountability in the Nigerian Extractive Industry. The study recommends, amongst others, that the Act establishing the NEITI should be strengthened by according her power of investigation and prosecution. Building the capacity of the civil society should be a priority of the NEITI and its partner so that Civil Society Organisations can translate the information from the audit reports into evidence-based advocacy and campaign.