LEADERSHIP AND MOTIVATION AS ESSENTIAL TOOLS FOR ORGANISATIONAL GROWTH AND EXPANSION

(A CASE STUDY OF UNION BANK PLC, ABA)

By

OBIESIE CHIGOZIE JULIET

Presented To

Department of Business Administration and Management

ABSTRACT

(People entering employing organization) go into these organization with a lot of expectation in mind, in most cases, they (seek) good salary and other motivational factors if they are to be retained in the organization these motivation. Job security, efficient medical services, pension scheme, recognition, transportation, housing, good working condition, promotion among others. Where these leadership appear adequate and meet the expectation of staff. They are retained. Apart from its ability to retain the staff, good leadership system is also capable of motivating work to put in their best in the performance of their efforts are adequately rewarded. Absence of good reward would bring about decline in performance, which will automatically effects the organizational growth in order to get the best out of staff, banks try to motivate their staff in such a way that they are motivated to perform at their best so as to increase the growth of their organization there by entiancing profit. It is in recognition of these facts that we want to examine the leadership and motivation of union bank Plc, using their branch at Aba as a case study to find out if staff are well motivated so as to enable it compete favourably with other financial / institutes / Banking industries in the country and the researchers findings pointed to the fact that leadership and motivation bring about the growth of an organization.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title page i

Approval page ii

Dedication iii

Acknowledgement iv

Abstract v

Table of content vi

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

11 Background of the study

12 Statement of the problem

13 Objectives of the study

14 Research questions

15 Research Hypotheses

16 Significance of the study

17 Scope and limitations of the study

18 Definition of terms

CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

20 Introduction

21 Non-financial motivation

22 Philosophies of human nature and motivation

23 Expectancy motivation theory (Victor Vroom)

24 Situation / contingency theory of leadership

25 Motivation of the Nigeria worker

26 Summary of review of related literature

CHAPTER THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

30 Introduction

31 Research Design

32 Area of the study

33 Population of the study

34 Sample and Sampling technique

35 Methods of Data collection

36 Methods of Data Analysis

CHAPTER FOUR

PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF DATA

40 Introduction

41 Analysis of questionnaire

42 Result of testing of hypothesis

CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

51 Restatement of the problem

52 Summary of findings

53 Conclusion

54 Recommendations

55 Suggestion for further study

References

Questionnaire

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

11 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The most important human activities is leadership questions and motivation, ever since people began forming groups to accomplish aims, they could not achieve their aims as individuals Leadership has been essential to ensure the coordination of individual efforts A society has come to rely increasingly on group efforts and as many organized group have become large, the task of leaders has been rising in importance

Leadership we know have no universal definition some leadership scholars have defined it according to their views

Therefore leadership could be seen as a social influencing process for the attainment of goals A leader is the most influential person in an organization who provides direction, guides group activities and ensures that group objectives are attained (Nwachukwu, 1999:146) furthermore he saw leadership as a process where one person exerts social influence over the members of a group

Motivation are those various reason why people work, may be to earn respect among associate to earn salary and wages to acquire prestige and honour In all these variety of reasons, culture seems to be a determing factor what actual make the between healing and sick organization and the worker According to Howell and Dipboye (1982) they mostly depends on organization ability to discover sustain and meet the workers need

Therefore motivation can be seen as what ever thing that makers a person to bring out his or her best

Management is the process of utilizing resources of a firm that accomplish designated objectives

111 PROFILE OF UNION BANK PLC, ABA

Union Bank of Nigeria Plc was established in 1917 as a colonial Bank with its fist branch in Lagos In 1925, Bardays Bank acquired the colonial Bank, which resulted in the change of the Bank's name to Bardays Bank (Dominion colonial and overseas) Following the enactment to be incorporated locally, Barclays Bank (DCO) in 1969 was incorporated as Barclays Bank of Nigeria Limited The ownership structure of Bardays Bank emained un-changed until 1971 when 833% of the Banks shares were offered to Nigerians in the same year, the Bank was listed on the Nigerian stock exchange As a result of the Nigerian Enterprises Promotion Act of 1972, the federal government of Nigeria acquired 5167% of the Bank shares, which left Bardays Bank Plc, London with only 40% By the enactment of the 1972 and 1977 Nigeria Enterprises promotion Acts, Bardays Bank International disposed its share holding to Nigeria in 1979 To reflect the new ownership structure and in compliance the name Union Bank of Nigeria Plc

Union Bank Group operates an interlocking organizational structure whereby some board members of union Bank of Nigerian Plc act as external directors in subsidiaries and associated companies This arrangement, ensures effective oversight and participation in the decision making process of these companies thereby safeguarding the Banks investments

12 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Management of organization have over the years been faced with a lot of problems which have in one way or the other hindered organizational growth and development some of these problems could be seen as follow: indiscipline of workers, high rate of absenteeism, high labour turn-over, job irritability, lack of motivation and reduced productivity

INDISCIPLINE OF WORKER: This has contributed a lot to the problems of organizations Some workers have been found in the habit of disobeying simple instructions from their superiors, which in one way or the other jeopardize organizational growth and development

HIGH RATE OF ABSENTEEISM:- The rate at which workers absent themselves from duty without permission from the appropriate authority for reasons best known to them have really pose a problem on management of organizations

HIGH LABOUR TURN OVER:- The rate at which people go out of an organization (skilled and unskilled workers) is also a problem which have retard productivity in many organizations

JOB IRRITABILITY: This may come as a result of tiredness of the job, due to lack of enthusian on the said job This is also a problem to organization

Lack of motivation:- eg low pay, poor performance appraisal lack of staff training and lack of staff promotion will retard workers from doing their work effectively and efficiently since their efforts are not rewarded as at when due

REDUCED PRODUCTIVITY: This is also a problem to management of organization When productivity is reduced, an organization tends to suffer

13 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The researcher tends to find out the effects of leadership and motivation in management of organizations she find out this research work in order to know the effect of autocratic and laisser faire styles of leadership on workers productivity and how best to boast employees morale and increase their sense of belonging which in turn will lead to increased productivity in organization She tends to discover how best leadership and motivation will minimize the problems encountered by organizations This study aims at determing the clausable course and effect relationship by observing existing consequences and then reflecting back on the data so collecting clause able courses eg A researcher Who wants to find out the effect of class size on the performance of students should compare the class size of some years and corresponding the over all performance of the class for several group, this involves an investigation past event, development and experiment Investigation comprises a thorough evaluation and analysis of evidences in order to establish facts

One which sees to abstain how some dimension valuables or characteristics of a given population change with time The study attempts to describe the nature and degree of growth maturity and valuations in behaviours among members of the group

14 RESEARCH QUESTIONS

This research project tends to answer the following questions

1) What are the effect of leadership and motivation on management of organizations?

2) Does the type of leadership practiced affect employees morale and consequently their output

3) Is there any effect of employee's behavior on organizational productivity?

15 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS

A hypothesis is a proposition assumed for the sake of argument or a theory to be proved or disproved by to facts It is an assumed answer to a problem It is also a guide to a research work

H01: Lack of motivation in organization does not lead to low productivity

H02 : The type of leadership an organization practiced does not affect employee's morale and their output

16 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The significance of this research work lends creduce to this exercise It serves as an enlightenment to management of organizations on how best to boost the morale of their employees through motivation which in turn increases their sense of belonging and their output This work will also serve as a panacea to management of organizations in arriving at dependable solutions to management consultants This work will serve as a guide to political leaders on the type of leadership style they will adopt, which will faster peace and stability in the society

This work will serve as a guideline for future researchers to critically examine the concept of leadership and motivation on effective management f organization This work is also significant to the researcher for the fulfillment f the award of the High National Diploma

17 SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

This research work is restricted to the office of Union Bank of Nigeria Plc, Aba branch It is limited to the effect of leadership and motivation in management of organization All thing been equal, the researcher would like to cover as much area as possible but it is impossible because of some circumstances, which was beyond his control

The constraints could be seen as follows: Finance, lack of time due to the tight schedule of academic calendar, unwillingness of some of the respondents to answer questions, posed by the researcher, rainfalls which restricted the researchers movement and act of God All these place limitation on the extent the researcher can go

18 DEFINITION OF TERMS

1) Motivation: Can be defined as a process of the reason one does or behaves in a particular way He is motivated entirely by self interest To make what to do especially that involves hard work and effort

2) Organizational: Can be defined as a group of people who from a business, club, etc together in order to achieve a particular aim To work for a business (political) voluntary organization, the world health organization He's the president of a large international organization

3) Leadership: It state or position of being a leader Leadership it is the ability to be a leader or the qualities a good leader should have: leadership qualities / skills, strong leader is needed to captain the team A group of leaders of a particular organization, etc

4) Growth: It is the process (of people animals or plants) the process of growing physically, mentally or emotionally, lack of water will stunt the plant's growth Remove dead leaves to encourage new growth a concern with personal (mental and emotional) growth and development, growth hormones designed to make grow faster

5) Management: The term management has been used in different way's to describe an essential aspect of organizational activities which determine how people should work and the materials to be used in achieving organizational goals

6) Business: The term business has been generally defined as an occupation, task or duty which a person undertakes to earn a living

7) Economic system: The economic system determines the pattern of ownership of factors of production and economic resources and the production and distribution of goods and services

8) Organizing: Is defined as involving the determination of activities to be performed in order to achieve goals

9) Communication: Is the medium through which information is passed In essence, to communicated is to pass information Information is anything that reduces or eliminates the uncertainty in any given situation Information is needed by everyone working in an organization to do his or her duty very well

10) Information system: Is a set of resources man, materials and procedure defined to attain information goals within a socio-economic environment which produces and utilizes the system as tool for development (Hayes, 1975)