SUITABILITY OF LOCAL CLAYS FOR RADIOACTIVE WASTE DISPOSAL

By

Author

Presented To

Department of Engineering

ABSTRACT
Six local clays namely Bomo, Bukuru, Kankara, Manjahota, Onibode and Upkor were studied for use as wasteform for fixation of strontium ion in radioactive wastes. The clays were characterized with respect to cation exchange capacity, organic carbon content and crystal structure. Then the most relevant properties of c]ay wasteforms: shrinkage, density and porosity were studied for Bomo clay and finally, the prepared wasteforms were tested for leaching characteristics. Bomo clay had the highest cation exchange capacity (CEC) of 44.45 and 50.50 meq/l00g for raw and beneficiated respectively. It was followed by Bukuru clay. The other clays had rather low CEC values of between 26.1 and 15.32 meq/l00g lor both raw and beneficiated. Bomo clay contained quartz, illite and montmorillonite with some muscovite in the raw sample. While Bukuru clay contained predominantly quartz and disordered kaolinite. The other clays contained predominantly kaolinite, illite and quartz minerals. Bomo clay had the best characteristics for fixation and disposal of radionuclides. The shrinkages of the wasteforms were generally higher for the beneficiated than for the raw samples. The bulk density ranged between 1.80 x 103and 1.94 x 103 kg/m3 and apparent porosity ranged between 17.2 - 24.2%. For low strontium concentration of 1587.5 ug/g the mass fixed in clay mineral varied between 63.0 - 70.9 percent of the initial mass used for equilibration while 30.0-41.3 was obtained vii for high concentration of 7875 ug/g. The highest percentage cation loading obtained were 50 and 73 of the total CEC of Bomo clay for low and high concentrations. Bomo clay gave promising result of over 99% retention of fixed strontium after 25 days of leaching. The cummulative mass leached for 25 days ranged between 9.0 ug/g for BL1 and 3.5 ug/g for sample BL3 for the low concentration and 20.0 ug/g for sample BH1 and 2.0 ug/g for sample BH3 for high concentration. For beneficiated sample, the mass leached decreased sharply as temperature increased from 800-1000 C. The most fixation was obtained by beneficiating the clay and firing to 1000 C for both low and high concentrations. However, considerable fixation was obtained by using a raw clay even at 800 C. The leach rate approximately obeyed the natural decay law: R = R e The distribution coefficient, a , generally increased with increase in temperature. The values ranged between 1632 for sample BL1 and 4516 for sample BL3 for low concentration and 2566 for sample BH1 and 20478 for sample BH3 for high concentration.

PLEASE NOTE

This material is a comprehensive and well-written project, structured into Chapter (1 to 5) for clarity and depth.


To access the full material click the download button below


OR


Contact our support team via Call/WhatsApp: 09019904113 for further inquiries.

Thank you for choosing us!

About e-Project Material Centre


e-Project Material Centre is a web service aimed at successfully assisting final year students with quality, well-researched, reliable, and ready-made project work. Our materials are recent, complete (chapter 1 to Minimum of Chapter 5, with references), and well-written. INSTANT ACCESS! INSTANT DOWNLOAD. Simply select your department, choose from our list of topics available, and explore your data.

Why Students Love to Use e-Project Material?


Guaranteed Delivery: Getting your project delivered on time is essential. You cannot afford to turn in your project past the deadline. That is why you must get your project online from a company that guarantees to meet your deadline. e-Project Topics Material Centre is happy to offer instant delivery of projects listed on our website. We can handle just about any deadline you send our way. Satisfaction Guaranteed: We always do whatever is necessary to ensure every customer's satisfaction.

Disclaimer


e-Project Topics Material Centre will only provide projects as a reference for your research. The projects ordered and produced should be used as a guide or framework for your own project. The contents of the projects should help you generate new ideas and thoughts for your own project. It is the aim of e-Project Topics Centre to only provide guidance by which the projects should be pursued. We are neither encouraging any form of plagiarism nor are we advocating the use of the projects produced herein for cheating.

Terms and Conditions


Using our service is LEGAL and IS NOT prohibited by any university/college policies. You are allowed to use the original model papers you will receive in the following ways:
  • As a source for additional understanding of the subject
  • As a source for ideas for your own research (if properly referenced)
  • For PROPER paraphrasing (see your university definition of plagiarism and acceptable paraphrase) Direct citing (if referenced properly)
Thank you so much for your respect to the author's copyright.

Refund and Privacy Policy


  • Refunds: All sales are final. However, if you encounter any issues with accessing your purchased material, kindly contact our support team for immediate resolution.
  • Privacy Policy: Your personal information is protected and will not be shared with third parties. We ensure secure payment processing and data confidentiality.

Contact Information


X

Need Help Finding or Downloading Your Project Material?

If you don't see the topic you're looking for or You need urgent/express attention, click the WhatsApp Icon/link below to contact ADMIN and get the material you need instantly. We are always available online to attend to your needs. Thanks