EFFECTS OF PUMICE AGGREGATE ON THE PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE SUBJECTED TO ELEVATED TEMPERATURE
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Department of Education
Abstract
Heat is an aggression that weakens the concrete as a result of change in chemical and physical properties. One of the factors that affect elevated temperature resistance of concrete is the type of aggregate used. Concrete made with light weight aggregates show a better resistance to heat than the one made with siliceous aggregate. Pumice is a light weight aggregate obtained from volcanic action which has good insulation characteristic. This research evaluated the effect of pumice as coarse aggregate on properties of concrete with a view to establish the most suitable proportion of pumice aggregate for the production of concrete. Building Research Establishment (BRE) method of concrete mix design was used to design concrete of grade 25. Workability of the fresh concrete was assessed by slump test. Two set of concrete samples were produced for the study. The first set is the control which was produced using 100% granite aggregate. The second set is the specimens which were produced by replacing 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of granite aggregate with pumice aggregate. Concrete cube samples of 100 × 100 × 100mm and concrete cylinders of 200 × 100mm were produced and cured in water for 28 days. After 28 days, the concrete samples were removed from curing tank and air dried for 1 hour. After wards, 100 cube samples were tested for compressive strength, tensile strength, abrasion resistance and Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV). In addition, 100 cubes were subjected to elevated temperatures of 200oC, 400oC, 600oC and 800oC and tested for compressive strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV). Results show that the density of 25% pumice concrete is in the range of normal weight concrete and 50% and 75% pumice concretes are in the range of medium weight concrete. The 100% pumice concrete is in the range of light weight concrete. The compressive strength decrease as the percentage of pumice aggregate increase in the concrete by a range of 7.68% to 31.14% of the control sample. The residual compressive strength of all the samples decreases as the temperatures rises up. At 600oC, the residual compressive strength of the control (0%), 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% pumice concrete are 36.44, 33.96, 39.30, 35.90 and 34.70% respectively. The research concludes that concrete made with 50% pumice showed better resistant to elevated temperatures than the control (0%) concrete sample and recommend that pumice aggregate should be used at 50% replacement of granite aggregate so as to improve the resistance of concrete to elevated temperatures
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