Chapter one of the thesis examines the nature of the physical environment in Kaura Namoda Area and its role in influencing historical developments in the area including the evolution of political institutions and the nature of the social and production relations of the societies of the area during the pre-colonial period. Chapter two examines the incorporation of the area into the Colonial State by means of colonial ordinances. The chapter also examines the implementation of colonial policies on land use and taxation which laid the foundation for the establishment of colonial economy in the area. Chapter three examins how basic colonial infrastructure especially roads were established and the role they had played in facilitating the expansion of the colonial economic activities in the area leading to the boom in cash crops production that necessitated the establishment of the Gusau Kaura Namoda extension of the railway. Chapter four examines the process of the extension of the railway to Kaura Namoda and the conditions within which the work was carried out. The chapter seeks to provide an insight, into the social dimension of the work and how it impacted on the social and material conditions in the area. Chapter live examines the impact of the railway in Kaura Namoda Area; it focuses on the consequences of the role of the railway in the colonial economic activities which helped in consolidating the process of change which was on-going since the area was incorporated into the Colonial State. Chapter six contains general conclusion and bibliography.