EXTENT OF UTILIZATION OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY IN TEACHING OF GOVERNMENT IN SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN AWKA EDUCATION ZONE
By
Author
Presented To
Department of Social Sciences
ABSTRACT
The study sought to determine the extent of utilization of information and communication
technology (ICT) in teaching of government in senior secondary schools in Awka education
zone, Anambra State. The study adopted a descriptive survey design. To carry out the study,
six research questions and six null hypotheses were formulated. The instruments used in
gathering data for this study are Checklist on Available ICT Facilities for Teaching
Government (CAICTFTG) and a structured questionnaire entitled Extent of Teachers’
Utilization of Information Communication Technology Questionnaire (ETUICTQ). The
instruments (CAICTFTG and ETUICTQ) were trial tested on 30 research subjects from
schools other than the ones sampled for the study. The reliability of the instruments was
determined using Cronbach Alpha statistics and overall reliability index of 0.81 was obtained
which was high enough for the study. The population of the study comprised all the one
thousand, seven hundred and ninety-nine (1,799) teachers in Awka Education Zone. Multi-
stage sampling procedure was adopted for the sampling through the use of stratified,
proportionate and simple random techniques. In order to collect data, the researcher with the
help of two research assistants made personal visits to the sampled public secondary schools.
This was to guarantee maximum return of the instrument for analysis. Data were analyzed
using mean and standard deviation to answer the six research questions. On the other hand t-
test was used to test the null hypotheses 1, 2, 3, 5, and 6; ANOVA was used to test null
hypothesis 4 respectively at 0.05 level of significance. The results of the findings indicate
among others that ICT facilities for teaching of Government in senior secondary schools in
Awka Education zone are available to a low extent, although computers are available to a
high extent; ICT facilities are utilized to a low extent in teaching of Government in senior
secondary schools in Awka Education zone. There is no significant difference in the mean
ratings of male and female teachers on the current ICT facilities available for teaching of
Government in senior secondary schools in Awka Education zone. It was concluded among
others that adequate provision of ICT facilities by the government and other stake holders in
education could facilitate ICT utilization for effective teaching of Government as a subject in
senior secondary schools.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page i
Dedication ii
Certification iii
Approval Page iv
Acknowledgements v
Table of Contents vi
List of Tables viii
Abstract ix
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study 1
Statement of the Problem 13
Purpose of the Study 15
Significance of the Study 15
Scope of the Study 17
Research Questions 18
Hypotheses 18
CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Conceptual Framework 20
Concept of Government 20
Concept of Information Communication Technology (ICT) 22
ICT Resources Available For Teaching and Learning Government 25
Utilization and Extent of Utilization of ICT 27
Theoretical framework 35
Constructivist Theory (Vygotsky, 1978) 35
Social Learning Theory (Bandura, 1977) 36
Review of empirical studies 37
Studies on the Availability of ICT for Teaching 37
Studies on the Extent of Utilization of ICT for Teaching 41
Studies on Influence of Gender on ICT Utilization 44
Studies on Influence of School Location on ICT Utilization 47
Studies on Influence of Teacher’s Qualification on ICT Utilization 52
Studies on Challenges to ICT Utilization 53
Summary of Literature Review 58
CHAPTER THREE: REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Design of the Study 61
Area of the Study 61
Population of the Study 32
Sample and Sampling Technique 62
Instrument for Data Collection 63
Validation of Instrument 64
Method of Data Collection 65
Method of Data Analysis 65
CHAPTER FOUR: DATA ANALYSIS AND PRESENTATION OF RESULTS
Summary of Findings 75
CHAPTER FIVE: DISCUSSION OF RESULTS, CONCLUSION AND
RECOMMENDATIONS
Discussion of Results 77
Conclusion 80
Educational Implications of Findings 81
Recommendations 82
Limitation of the study 83
Suggestion for Further Research 84
Summary of the Study 84
REFERENCES 88
APPENDICES
Appendix A: Population figure of government teachers in senior secondary schools in
Awka Education Zone 96
Appendix B: Sample Size 97
Appendix C: ICT Availability Cheklist 100
Appendix D: Extent of utilization of ICT in teaching Government Questionnaire
(EUICTTLGQ) 102
Appendix E: Request for Validation 104
Appendix F: Test of Reliability Scores and Application of Cronbach Alpha 110
Appendix G: List of schools in Awka Education Zone 112
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1: Mean ratings of teachers on the current ICT facilities available for
teaching of Government in senior secondary schools in Awka
Education zone 66
Table 2: Mean ratings of teachers on the extent of utilization of ICT in
teaching of Government in senior secondary schools in Awka
Education zone 67
Table 3: Mean ratings of teachers on the influence of gender on the utilization
of ICT in teaching of Government in senior secondary schools in Awka
Education zone 68
Table 4: Mean ratings of teachers on influence of school location on utilization of
ICT in teaching of Government in senior secondary schools in Awka
Education zone 68
Table 5: Mean ratings of teachers on the influence of teacher’s qualification on utilization
of ICT in teaching of Government in senior secondary schools in Awka
Education zone 69
Table 6: Mean ratings of teachers on the challenges against the utilization of ICT in
teaching of Government in senior secondary schools in Awka
Education zone 70
Table 7: t-test analysis of mean ratings of male and female teachers on the current ICT
facilities available for teaching of Government in senior secondary schools
in Awka Education zone 71
Table 8: t-test analysis of mean ratings of male and female teachers on the extent of
utilization of ICT in teaching of Government in senior secondary schools
in Awka Education zone 72
Table 9: t-test analysis of mean ratings of urban and rural teachers on the extent of
utilization of ICT in teaching of Government in senior secondary schools in
Awka Education zone 72
Table 10: Summary of ANOVA on mean ratings of teachers on the influence of
teacher’s qualifications on the extent of utilization of ICT in teaching
of Government in senior secondary schools in Awka Education zone 73
Table 11: t-test analysis of mean ratings of male and female teachers on the challenges
against the utilization of ICT in teaching of Government in senior secondary
schools in Awka Education zone 74
Table 12: t-test analysis of mean ratings of urban and rural teachers on the challenges
against the utilization of ICT in teaching of Government in senior secondary
schools in Awka Education zone
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