DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF AN INTRUDER DETECTOR FOR OFFICE AND HOME USE

By

Author

Presented To

Department of Electrical/Electronic Engineering

ABSTRACT

This project deals on the design and construction of an intruder detector for home and office use. Security as one of the biggest issues in our world today and we need a system that will be able to monitor our home, offices and industries by using two sensing circuits, touch and motion sensors. These sensors will cheek for an intruder in two different positions or location and with an alarm system alerts the user about the presence of an intruder. An intruder detector for office and home use is a device that detects movement of an object like human being. Many projects review the concept of intruder detecting system, but this project deals with the full practical work of the concept to prevent unauthorized person into a restricted area in our home, Industries, etc.

TABLE OF CONTENT

TITLE PAGE i

CERTIFICATION PAGE ii

APPROVAL PAGE iii

DEDICATION iv

ACKNOWLEDGMENT v

ABSTRACT vi

TABLE OF CONTENTS vii

LIST OF TABLE xi

LIST OF FIGURE xii

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION 1

1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY 1

1.2 OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT 2

1.3 THE JUSTIFICATION OF THE PROJECT 2

1.4 SCOPE OF PROJECT 3

1.5 CONSTRAINTS 3

1.6 PROJECT REPORT ORGANIZATION 3

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW 5

2.1 ORIGIN 5

2.2 OVERVIEW 6

2.3 SENSORS 6

2.4 HISTORY OF SECURITY 7

2.5 BASIC OF AN INTRUDER SYSTEM 8

2.6 RESIDENTIAL CRIME PREVENTION 9

CHAPTER THREE

DESIGN ANALYSIS 11

3.1 DESIGN METHODOLOGY 11

3.2 PROJECT SPECIFICATION:

3.3 HARDWARE SUBSYSTEM 14

3.3.1 THE INPUT INTERFACE DESIGN 16

3.3.2 CHOOSING THE RESISTOR VALUE 17

3.3.3 ANALYSIS 18

3.4 ALARM UNIT 19

3.4.1 COMPONENTS ANALYSIS 21

3.4.2 DIODES 21

3.4.3 TYPES OF DIODES 22

3.5 LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES OR LED'S 23

3.4.4 VOLTAGE REGULATORS

3.4.5 TRANSISTORS 30

3.4.6 LIGHT DEPENDENT RESISTOR (LDR) 34

CHAPTER FOUR

SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION 35

4.1 CONCEPTUAL OVERVIEW OF PROJECT LAYOUT 35

4.2 INSTRUCTION 35

CHAPTER FIVE

SYSTEM TESTING 38

5.1 SYSTEM TESTING AND INTEGRATION 38

5.2 TEST PLAN AND TEST DATA 39

5.2.1 COMPONENTS TEST 39

5.2.2 SYSTEM TEST 40

5.2.3 OTHER TESTS 41

5.3 EXPERIMENTED RESULT VS ACTUAL RESULT 41

CHAPTER SIX:

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION 42

6.1 SUMMARY OF ACHIEVEMENT 42

6.2 PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED AND SOLUTION 42

6.3 CONCLUSION 43

REFERENCES 44

LIST OF TABLE

Table 3.1: Voltage Regulators output voltages 20

Table 3.2: Resistor color cude 28

Table 5.1: Test of Transistor 40

Table 5.2: Experimented value/actual value 41

TABLE OF FIGURES

FIG 1.1: BLOCK DIAGRAM OF PROJECT REPORT 4

FIG 3.1: FIVE (5) DESIGN STEPS 13

FIG 3.2: System block diagram 15

Fig 3.3: Input Sensor Design 16

Fig 3.5: LM7805 20

Fig 3.4: Symbols of diodes 22

Fig 3.5 - connecting LED to supply 24

Fig 3.7: Resistor connected in series 26

Fig 3.8: Resistors connected in parallel 27

Fig 3.9: Resistor color code representation 28

Fig 3.10: Transistor circuit symbols 30

Fig 3.11: Current path of a Transistor 31

Fig 3.12 Model of NPN Transistor 32

Figure 3.12: Light Dependent Resistor Symbol 34